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Alexander Graham Bell was a scientist, inventor and the founder of the famous Bell Telephone Company. His work in the field of telecommunications was responsible for the advances that were made in the technology used in aviation and hydrofoil.
Bell was born on March 3, 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland, in a family of elocutionists. In fact, his grandfather, uncle and father were all elocutionists. His father had published a lot of work, especially in the field of instructing deaf mute people by means of visible speech.
At the age of thirteen, Alexander graduated from the Royal High School of Edinburgh. At sixteen, he entered the Weston House Academy at Elgin, Morayshire as a pupil-teacher of elocution and music. The following year, he moved to the University of Edinburgh.
From 1866 to 1867, Alexander worked as an instructor at the Somersetshire College located in Bath. However, by this time, he was already interested in the science of acoustics as he wanted to find out ways and means of improving the deafness that his mother suffered from.
In 1870, his family moved to Canada, and they settled down in the town of Brantford, Ontario. Before his moved to Canada, Alexander had already developed interest in telephony and communications machine. This interest continued in Canada too. He managed to design a piano that was capable of transmitting musical notes to some distance by means of electricity.
In 1873, Alexander was employed in Montreal where he taught the system of visible of speech. Then Alexander’s father was offered a job in Boston in a day school for mutes. However, he declined it in favor of his soon. This job made Alexander famous throughout the United States as now deaf mute people could speak just like people with normal hearing.
At Boston, Alexander continued his research in the field of visible speech, and at the same time he tried to invent a device which could not only send musical notes but also speech. He gain financing from his father-in-law and was granted a patent by the US Patent Office for his device that could send sounds telegraphically. This device was the telephone. There were many other people working on a similar device, but it was Alexander who received the patent because his was a working one.
After receiving the patent, Alexander continued his research in communications and came up with the invention of the photophone transmission of sound through a beam of light. In addition, he invented many techniques to teach speech to the hearing impaired.
In total, Bell was granted 18 patents in his name and another 12 that he shared with others. This included 14 patents for the telephone and telegraph, 4 for photophone, 1 for phonograph and 4 for hydroairplanes, 5 for aerial vehicles and 2 for selenium cell.
He was also one of the founding members of the National Geographic Society in 1888. He has been conferred many national and international honors.
Alexander Graham Bell died in 1922 in Baddeck, Nova Scotia.
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